税法(Tax Law)属于法学的分支学科,是政府使用的一种常见的经济手段。主要处理构成适用税法的法律法规、规章、宪法以及普通法例规则。
通常美国法学院开设的税法课程是法学的专业学科,毕业生可从事法律咨询及法律诉讼等职位。大部分法学院要求学生必修30个学分,选修60个或以上的学分。学生通过完成如联邦税、遗产与赠与税、遗产与继承等课程,授予J.D.学位,再通过司法考试获得执业认证。如今,世界上很多国家(美国、加拿大、英国、澳大利亚、荷兰等)都开设了这门专业,申请LL.M.学位的学生需得到美国司法协会认证。其他国家,申请LL.M.需具备法学专业背景即可。*(1)
法学申请与就业
法学学位通常分为3种:J.D.、LL.M.、J.S.D;
J.D.全称Juris Doctor,是一种专业学位,无需法学专业背景,只要本科学位即可申请,学制3年。美国的话需要LSAT成绩,毕业生可参加美国律师资格考试申请成为执业律师,含金量高于LL.M.;
LL.M.全称Master of Law,主要针对的外国学生,需具备法学专业背景,学制大约1年。即使是美国,申请者也无需准备LSAT成绩。LL.M.竞争力比较小,美国的话,LL.M.不可以参加律师资格考试,如想移民美国,毕业后仍需再读J.D./J.S.D;
J.S.D全称Doctor of Juridical Science,它是真正意义上的法学博士,是法律专业的高级学位,一般来说,申请者必须有从事法学研究的职业目标,且必须有LL.M.学位或JD学位方可申请。
就业展望
从事税法专业的毕业生就业去向——
财务人员(Business and Financial Operations):$69,550
成本估计(Cost Estimators):$63,080
会计(Accountants and Auditors):$71,040
房地产评估师(Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate):$55,180
预算分析师(Budget Analysts):$72,100*(6)
金融分析师(Financial Analysts):$89,410*(7)
选校分析
2014USNEWS税法(Tax Law)专业排名
排名 | 学校 | 学校英文名 |
1 | New York University | |
2 | Georgetown University | |
3 | University of Florida | |
4 | Northwestern University | |
5 | University of Miami | |
5 | University of Southern California | |
7 | Boston University | |
7 | Loyola Marymount University | |
7 | University of Virginia | |
10 | University of California--Los Angeles | |
10 | University of Washington | |
12 | Harvard University | |
13 | Columbia University | |
14 | University of Michigan,Ann Arbor | |
14 | University of San Diego | |
16 | Boston College | |
17 | 加州大学黑斯廷斯分校 | University of California (Hastings) |
18 | University of Houston |
*(2)
参考资料
(1) Tax law Wikipedia
(2) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 13-0000 Business and Financial Operations Occupations (Major Group) U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(3) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 13-1051 Cost Estimators U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(4) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 13-2011 Accountants and Auditors U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(5) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 13-2021 Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(6) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 13-2031 Budget Analysts U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
(7) Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2012 13-2051 Financial Analysts U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
学校列表
美国
研究生
非完全列表: