听力学(Audiology)或称听觉学,是耳科学的一个分支,是研究人类听力及其相关疾病的一门学科,包括研究听觉的生理、病理及听力康复方法等。听力学通常会涉及到生物学、电声学、语言学及医学的相关知识。从事听力学行业的科学家或医生称为听力学家或听力师(Audiologists)。听力检查(包括幼儿听力检查及成人听力检查)、助听器、人工耳蜗移植手术等临床应用技术,以及听觉生理、听觉病理等偏理论科学都属于听力学的范畴。*(1)
听力学申请
听力学可以是纯医学,也可以主要是一门医学辅助学科。但一般以医学辅助学科为主。作为一门医学辅助学科的听力学专业主要开设在硕士阶段,毕业后可以进入医院或实验室从事听力师或技师的工作。作为一门纯医学的听力学专业仅设在博士阶段,毕业后可以从事听力学研究和临床医生的工作。
注意:在美英澳加等国,作为纯医学的听力学的申请,应当注意医学专业申请的特殊性——需要至少在与申请国家读过一年以上的本科教育,且获得学士学位方可以申请。但作为一门医学辅助学科,便无此限制。
就业展望
听力学专业属于医学专业的一种,该专业一般在硕士及博士阶段均有开设。在硕士阶段,该专业通常与语言病理学开设在一起,合称语言病理学与听力学(Speech language pathology and audiology),主要是一门临床应用科学,可以成为听力学家、临床助理、咨询师等。博士阶段主要区分为临床和理论研究两个方向,前者一般成为临床医生(如外科医生),后者一般从事听力学的纯科学研究。
以美国为例,该专业典型从业职业及其薪水如下:
听力学家:$72,890
医生:$184,820
医院及临床实验室技师(Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists):$58,640 *(4)
助理医师(Physician Assistants):$92,460
注:薪水数据是2012年5月美国劳工统计局公布的数据。
大学列表
开设本专业的大学列表:
美国
安德鲁·泰勒·斯蒂尔大学健康科学学院 | A.T. Still University through Arizona School of Health Sciences |
Arizona State University | |
Auburn University | |
Ball State University | |
布鲁斯堡宾夕法尼亚大学 | Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania |
Central Michigan University | |
East Carolina University | |
East Tennessee State University | |
Gallaudet University | |
Idaho State University | |
Illinois State University | |
Indiana University | |
詹姆斯麦迪逊大学 | James Madison University |
Lamar University | |
长岛听力学校 | Long Island Au.D. Consortium |
Louisiana State University at New Orleans | |
路易斯安娜理工大学 | Louisiana Tech University |
Miami University | |
密苏里州立大学 | Missouri State University |
蒙特克莱尔州立大学 | Montclair State University |
东北俄亥俄听力学校 | Northeast Ohio Au.D. Consortium |
Northeastern University | |
Northern Illinois University | |
Northwestern University | |
Nova Southeastern University | |
Ohio State University | |
Ohio University | |
Pacific University | |
普渡-印第安纳大学医学院 | Purdue University & Indiana University School of Medicine |
拉什大学 | Rush University |
萨卢斯大学 | Salus University |
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego | |
Syracuse University | |
Texas Tech University | |
纽约市立大学研究生中心 | CUNY Graduate Center |
Towson University | |
University at Buffalo | |
University of Arizona | |
阿肯色大学小石城与阿肯色医学联盟 | University of Arkansas at Little Rock & University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Consortium |
University of Cincinnati | |
University of Colorado - Boulder | |
University of Connecticut | |
University of Florida | |
University of Illinois | |
University of Iowa | |
University of Kansas | |
University of Louisville | |
University of Maryland, College Park | |
University of Massachusetts - Amherst | |
University of Memphis | |
University of Minnesota | |
University of Nebraska-Lincoln | |
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | |
University of North Texas | |
University of Northern Colorado | |
University of Oklahoma | |
University of Pittsburgh | |
波多黎各大学医学校区 | University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus |
University of South Alabama | |
University of South Dakota | |
University of South Florida | |
University of Southern Mississippi | |
University of Tennessee | |
University of Texas at Austin | |
University of Texas at Dallas | |
University of Utah | |
University of Washington | |
University of Wisconsin–Madison | |
Utah State University | |
Vanderbilt University | |
密苏里华盛顿大学 | Washington University |
Wayne State University | |
West Virginia University | |
Western Michigan University | |
Wichita State University |
英国大学
University College London | |
De Montfort University | |
University of Manchester | |
University of Leeds | |
阿斯通大学 | Aston University |
Queen Margaret University | |
University of Southampton | |
Swansea University | |
Middlesex University |
澳大利亚大学
University of Western Australia | |
University of Melbourne | |
Flinders University | |
Macquarie University | |
University of Queensland |
加拿大大学
University of British Columbia | |
Université de Montréal | |
University of Western Ontario | |
University of Ottawa | |
Dalhousie University |
*(6)
参考资料:
(1) 听力学 维基百科
(2) Audiologists US Bureau of Labor Statistics
(3) Physicians and Surgeons, All Other US Bureau of Labor Statistics
(4) Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists US Bureau of Labor Statistics
(5) Physician Assistants US Bureau of Statistics
(6) Audiology Wikipedia
学校列表
美国
本科
综合性大学(非完全列表):
研究生
非完全列表: